Docker 环境安装 Nginx

> 以 `nginx:1.22.0` 为例

仓库地址以及教程：[https://hub.docker.com/_/nginx](https://hub.docker.com/_/nginx)

## 拉取

```bash
docker pull nginx:1.22.0
```

## 简单的使用示例

#### 测试demo

```bash
# 启动容器
docker run -d --name nginx -p 8080:80 nginx:1.22.0
# 查看网页
curl http://127.0.0.1:8080
```

#### 使用自定义卷部署简单的静态网页

```bash
docker run -d -v /some/content:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx:1.22.0
```

#### 使用Dockerfile部署简单应用

Dockerfile:

```conf
FROM nginx:1.22.0
ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
COPY static-html-directory /usr/share/nginx/html
```

```bash
# 制作镜像
docker build -t mynginx .
# 启动容器
docker run -d mynginx
```

## 自定义Nginx配置文件

容器内的默认配置文件在`/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`，内容如下：

```bash
user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout  65;

#gzip  on;

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
```

#### 使用自定义卷修改配置文件

```bash
docker run -d -v /host/path/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf nginx:1.22.0
```

#### 使用Dockerfile修改配置文件

Dockerfile:

```bash
FROM nginx:1.22.0
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
```

```bash
# 制作镜像
docker build -t mynginx .
# 启动容器
docker run -d mynginx
```

## 个人推荐实战

> 以vue项目为例

vue项目中新建`nginx.conf`，文件内容如下：

```bash
user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    #gzip  on;
    server {
        listen 80;
        proxy_set_header X-Real_IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X_Forward_For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
        client_max_body_size 10M;
        location / {
            root /dist;
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
        }
    }
}
```

vue项目中新建`Dockerfile`，内容如下

```bash
FROM nginx:1.22.0
ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
COPY dist/ /dist/
```

镜像制作与启动如下

```bash
# 制作镜像
docker build -t myweb .
# 启动容器
docker run -d --name myweb -p 80:80 myweb
```